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Irish bog

Andrew Adler • 28 October 2022

Seeing and feeling sustainability on a trip to a peat bog 

 Andy Adler, innovator, facilitator and company director at an agricultural firm, says there are lessons
to learn from a transformative trip to Ireland.

We informally call ourselves a ‘book club’, one without any set reads. We talk weekly about the
world and how it can be made better. Last month we visited one of our members, an Irish farmer, to
see sustainability in action. If there is one thing I would recommend to people, it is to try to
‘experience’ sustainability, see it, feel it, smell it!

Back in 2021, I had shown curiosity around the farmer’s use of peat as a fuel in his house. I knew it
was bad from an environmental point of view (essentially burning a type of non-renewable fossil
fuel, releasing carbon dioxide to the atmosphere where it contributes to the climate crisis).
However, I also knew, as with many aspects of sustainability, everything is complex. We were told
great stories about the local community and the tradition of cutting peat, drying, stacking and
collecting it. However as a group who regularly discussed climate change, we challenged the farmer
to identify another ritual that the community could undertake instead of digging and burning peat.


A Warm Welcome

In July 2022 we travelled to Ireland to meet up for the first time. It was delightful. We got to see honey bees, we were fed and entertained in the traditional Irish way by the family, and given a tour of the farm and the now-famous Irish peat bog.


In front of the farmhouse was a field that had been kept as a wildflower meadow for over twenty years. Seeing it, for the first time I really understood what a shifting baseline was. Having spent my life in fields advising farmers on grazing management and discussing how best to extract the most grass from each acre, suddenly I could understand what real biodiversity was about. The insects, the grass growth, the abundance of different grass and flower species, as well as the birds. It was a sight I had never seen before. It was marvellous and inspiring, and now I am able to discuss the concept of shifting baselines with my regular customers back in England, because I have seen what biodiversity means in practice. (Shifting baseline theory describes the process by which future generations normalise degraded environments). 


The Bog in action

As for the bog, in reality this is open cast mining of peat wetlands which have developed since the last ice age (10,000 years ago). The peat is acidic and made from decomposing sphagnum moss in a wetland mat. The moss is drained by cutting a ditch and then is scraped away into small logs of peat which are left to dry. Once dried they are stacked to dry more, before being collected and taken home to be burnt in the fire. 

Most families in the community have a 'line' of peat, they are charged £250 a year for it, and it is sufficient to heat their homes. Running the bog, the drying, stacking and carting away is a community event. Each tonne of peat that is burnt, will have released approximately 3 tonnes of carbon on its journey to make heat.


The trip enabled us to see first-hand, and talk about, the issues of sustainability observed around climate change, biodiversity, as well as cultural heritage and minority rights.


Next Steps

The farmer had already taken a risk by discussing the future of the bog with the community. He has now enlisted a young local to help him think about how to take a community tradition and change it to be less environmentally destructive. They have won some funding and intend to get an ecologist to come to talk to the community about the ecology, and there is support to find alternative sources of energy for the community. 


Already, new wind farms have been built on some dugout bogs in Ireland. If these can be community owned, this could enable transition to a new environmentally-friendly energy source.

Some tips

So, generally, what can people do to take action to protect the planet? I try to follow the recommendations set out in Paul Hawken’s book Regeneration – Ending the climate crisis in one generation. 

People could create a simple list of actions for themselves, or, even better, set up a group to address climate issues (our ‘book club’ works well). Such groups can propagate knowledge about what works. But it is important to understand how knowledge and actions should be adapted to fit places, people and cultures. It is also important to take a look at and analyse outcomes, so that insights can continuously evolve. New technology, such as conversational software , and cross sector collaborations between people, neighbourhoods and organisations can accelerate progress.

The carbon generated by the trip was offset by supporting the Woodland trust.


Check it out


Investigating the implications of shifting baseline syndrome on conservation by Lizzie P. Jones et al published in People and Nature, August 2020 

Regeneration Ending the climate crisis in one generation a book by Paul Hawken


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A little over a year ago, founding vet and director Alex Reynolds discussed his forthcoming retirement with his fellow founding partner Daniel Phillips and their co-director Emma Lawson. This was not the first time they’d discussed retirement; it was mentioned four years before when Emma became part of the director team. But as the company anniversary of 25 years of trading drew near, Alex was ready to hang up his stethoscope and wellies. Remaining as an independent practice was an essential goal for Alex as he passed over the reins, but also for Daniel and Emma, who were keen to keep Meadowbrook operating in much the same way while maintaining its growth trajectory. But also, crucially, no one was keen to ‘sell out’ and become part of the corporate machine. In Alex's own words… “Over the 25 years since we founded Meadowbrook Veterinary Practice, we have enjoyed the freedom of making the business our own and allowed ourselves and our employees to follow their interests and have a go at developing the business in new and exciting areas, such as farm animal mastitis diagnostics, and now other diversification projects. This has allowed us to grow. We now employ ten vets and have become a business that is five times bigger than when we started.” “Being an independent business has always been at the core of what we are, and when it came to my retirement, I was determined that Meadowbrook Veterinary Practice should continue to be so.” Four years previously, the director team had started using the services of Paul Lencioni of Apex Advisory Ltd. Paul had been working with the Director team to create the space and time where they worked on their business rather than in their business. Meetings were generally held every quarter, with Paul creating the agenda after speaking to the directors about what was on their minds. Paul was an external ear for internal tensions and was available between meetings to listen, guide and occasionally challenge thinking. His primary role was to Chair the directors, create a business planning process, and then hold the directors accountable to each other to deliver the growth plans and monitor financial performance. In 2019, when Paul first supported the business, it was felt that there were no potential future shareholders. Paul challenged this thinking, and everyone was asked to identify potential talent within the team. By 2022, the team had identified some interested potential shareholders and some leadership talent. Paul supported Meadowbrook in exploring options with them and then transitioning the business from a two-director-owned business to a five-director-owned business. 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Watching and supporting young vets as they take their first steps in business ownership allows us all to reflect on how we spent five years learning to be a vet and we then expect to be business owners with a few days of training. I will continue to support Meadowbrook for as long as they want me to, allowing the directors to achieve their ambitions and thrive in the current landscape. Alex has now left with a great leaving party. I still get to hear of his travels, and he occasionally rings to make sure all the new team have settled in.’’ Meadowbrook Veterinary Practice is a fictional practice dreamed up by Chat GTP. However the process described happened. If you want to know more, please contact Andrew Curwen at XLVets ltd.
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A year ago, Charlie, one of the directors of a vet practice- let's call it Greendale Vets, contacted me in a bit of a state. She had just left a directors meeting with no clear direction, a knowledge that the individuals were not working as a team and the business was heading for difficult times. She wanted to leave the company and regretted becoming a partner/ shareholder. The practice had been set up in a hurry three years ago when a 20-vet, 6-shareholder mixed practice had three partners who wanted to sell to a corporation and take their cash out. The director team were at loggerheads and took advice from their accountants. The accountants advised that the corporates were no longer interested in farm or equine work and that they should split the practice up to sell it. The farm partner still believed in independent practice, so she was happy with the plan; however, she needed to have business succession by identifying two young, gifted clinicians and offering them an excellent deal to go into partnership. The first two years of the new practice for Charlie were an adrenaline rush. Everything was exciting and new. Learning about a business, being involved in decision-making, being paid significantly more and still getting to do the job she loved, working with farmers to improve the health of their animals. I met her two years in, and although she was having fun, she did confide that she found directors' meetings difficult, needed help understanding the numbers, and was unsure how well the other new director was performing. I offered her my number and support if ever needed. Nine months later, I got a text- “Lots of complications within directorship and overall not working well, not sure where to go from here and would appreciate your help. “ Various conversations with Charlie and the director team led to a facilitated directors meeting where we looked at a director's role and how we could support the top team to function. We collated some data using Lencioni’s model of the five dysfunctions of a team (Lencioni). We identified that a fear of conflict and an avoidance of accountability prevented the team from delivering performance. A tough directors' meeting followed. We had to identify ways of accepting that productive conflict enabled growth and ways in which feedback could be given and received. For accountability, we accepted that once we had established trust and feedback, we could create realistic goals and standards to hold each other to account. That first meeting needed real bravery on everyone's behalf. It was challenging to facilitate. The complex emotions of the participants to accept the emotions in the room. Once the emotion had been released, everyone realised that they all had a common purpose and wanted to develop ways of working to allow the team to perform and the practice to thrive. The team continues engaging services that will enable an external ear for internal problems. We meet once a quarter to review plans and create a strategic direction. The presence of an external Chair empowers the team to hold each other accountable in a safe environment. The practice has now expanded as we have looked at innovating around flexible working, new product development, and research and farmers recognising the consistency of Greendale vets' offerings. Charlie has been doing management training and has a mentor to support her. She is far more confident in practice and has enjoyed her clinical work again. There is a precise time in her diary to do management work, and she has started to trust the practice team to deliver delegated tasks. She still rings her mentor regularly, especially before difficult one-to-one conversations or team meetings, to allow a plan to become apparent. She has no intention of leaving the team she loves working with now and is relieved that the top team is now functioning and the business is starting to thrive.
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Back in November, I had a long car journey with Dan Knight, where I spoke of my excitement for the future of farming in a new world where food quality was valued alongside carbon and biodiversity. Where agriculture was seen as the solution to climate change rather than the cause and farmers, the custodians of the land suddenly had three sellable products- food, carbon and biodiversity. Business may be more complicated. However, it would move past being driven by the straightforward economics of efficiency and volume. There would be more opportunities to specialise and create niche products and services or systems that took value from food, carbon and biodiversity.
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